Jackson,
I’m a bit surprised that all those things did not work out of the box. I know that sometimes wireless and video drives can be a pain, but the bluetooth and sound should work immediately.
The problem with your wireless is likely a restricted firmware. You will need to add ‘contrib’ and ‘non-free’ to your /etc/apt/sources.list either manually with a text editor or via Synaptic. I recommend using Synaptic if you aren’t comfortable with editing system files.
Once you enable those two new sources you should install linux-firmware-nonfree and also be able to find java.
Regards,
Mike
